Panning the Canvas

Inkscape » Changing the View » Panning the Canvas

The region of the canvas that is visible can be changed via

Scroll Bars: Perhaps the easiest method. The visibility of the scroll bars can be toggled using Ctrl+B.
Mouse Wheel: pan up and down. Shift+Mouse Wheel: pan sideways.

By checking the Mouse wheel zooms by default button under the Scrolling section of the Inkscape Preferences dialog, the function of the Mouse Wheel changes to zooming while the normal Ctrl+Mouse Wheel changes to panning up and down. This is the normal behavior in CorelDRAW and AutoCAD.
Middle Mouse Drag. With a two-button mouse, use Shift+Right Mouse Drag or Ctrl+Right Mouse Drag.
Ctrl+Arrow keys.
Space Bar+Left Mouse Drag will pan the canvas if the Left mouse button pans when Space is pressed option is checked in the Scrolling section of the Inkscape Preferences dialog. Turning this option on prevents using the Space Bar to toggle between tools.